Ignition apparatus

ABSTRACT

A jet flame ignition apparatus for internal combustion engines having a pressure chamber including the spark-plug and equipped with a one-way valve controlling a relatively large port allowing relatively free entry of fuel mixture into the chamber from the cylinder during the piston compression stroke and preventing free exit of burning fuel mixture from the chamber during the piston power stroke to trap the expansion of the burning gases in the chamber to produce pressure, and at least one relatively small jet passage leading from the chamber to the cylinder for emitting the burning fuel mixture from the chamber in a jet flame propelled by the pressure in the chamber into the cylinder to ignite the fuel mixture in the cylinder.

United States Patent 1 1 Jozlin [54] IGNITION APPARATUS [75] inventor:Joseph A. Jozlin, Warren, Mich.

[73] Assignee: William T. Sevald, Royal Oak,

Mich.

22 Filed: Feb. 26, 1971 21 Appl.No.: 119,185

58 Field of SearchlZB/STSP, 32 SJ, 119, 139 Aw, 7

123/143 A, 143 B, 143 R, 33 61769 v 1 51 Jan. 16, 1973 OTHERPUBLICATIONS Project Stratofire by Keith H. Rhodes l-66 Society ofAutomotive Engineers, 485 Lexington Ave. New York No. 660094. pages l-8Primary ExaminerLaurence M. Goodriclge Att0rneyWilliam T. Sevald [5 7ABSTRACT A jet flame ignition apparatus for internal combustion engineshaving a pressure chamber including the spark-plug and equipped with aone-way valve controlling a relatively large port allowing relativelyfree entry of fuel mixture into the chamber from the cylinder during thepiston compression stroke and preventing free exit of burning fuelmixture from the chamber during the piston power stroketo trap theexpansion of the burning gases in the chamber to produce pressure, andat least one relatively small jet passage leading from the chamber tothe cylinder for emitting the burning fuel mixture from the chamber in ajet flame propelled by the pressure in the chamber into the cylinder toignite the fuel mixture in the cylinder.

10 Claims, 23 Drawing Figures [56] A namm cni" UNlTED STATES PATENTS1,700,603 1/1929 Vreeland 61a! ..123/143 13 1,555,454 9/1925 Bugatti..123/143 B 1,356,247 10/1920 White ..1-23 143B 3,213,839 l0/l965 Gitlinet al ..123/143 A PATENTEDJAH 16 1975 SHEET 1 OF 2 FIG.I6

INVENTOR 7255p H, 752L117 ATTORNEY IGNITION APPARATUS This inventionrelates to jet flame ignition apparatus, devices, structures,integrations, and combinations for internal combustion engines.

An object of the invention is to provide an improved jet flame ignitiondevice for internal combustion engines which is simple in design andconstruction, inexpensive to manufacture, easy to use, mount, andintegrate.

An object of the invention is to provide an improved jet flame ignitiondevice which effects substantially complete combustion of the fuelmixture in the cylinder to reduce unburned and partially burned fuelresidues in exhaust emissions, to produce more power with a givenquantity of fuel, to give increased speed and/or increased milage with agiven quantity of fuel, to facilitate the use of relatively lower gradefuels than otherwise usable in a given engine, to improve engineperformance, to reduce corrosive emissions relative to the exhaust pipesand mufflers, and reduce the emissions of contamenating gases, fumes,smokes, solids, and liquids to atmosphere.

An object of the invention is to provide a jet flame ignition apparatuswhich has a pressure chamber enveloping the spark plug and equipped witha one-way valve controlling a relatively large port allowing relativelyfree entry of combustible fuel mixture into the chamber from thecylinder during the compression stroke of the piston and blocking freeexit through the port of burning fuel mixture from the chamber duringthe power stroke of the piston to produce pressure in the chamber fromthe trapped burning fuel mixture ignited by the spark plug.

An object of the invention is to provide at least one relatively smalljet passage, groove, or orifice leading from the chamber and not blockedby the valve during 1 the power stroke for projecting the burning fuelmixture and/or burning gases from the chamber in a jetflame into thefuel mixture in the cylinder to ignite substantially all the fuelmixture in the cylinder.

An object of the invention is to provide various apparatus and devicesembodying the invention for interposition between a spark plug and acylinder.

An object of the invention is to combine structure embodying theinvention with a spark plug.

An object of the invention is to combine structure embodying theinvention with an engine.

These and other objects of the invention will become apparent byreference to the following description of apparatus, devices, structure,integrations, and combinations embodying the invention taken inconnection with the accompanying drawing, in which:

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of an adapter type apparatushaving a pressure chamber, a relatively large inlet port, a valve seatin the port, a ball valve at the seat, and relatively small jet-flameoutlet passages, and showing a spark plug in side elevation.

FIG. 2 is a bottom end view of the device seen in FIG. 1 showing theinlet port and two groove jet passages.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a device of the invention asembodied integrally with a spark plug, showing the spark-plug portion inelevation.

FIG. 4 is a bottom end view of the device seen in FIG. 3 showing theinlet port and three groove jet passages.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of an engine shown in broken awayportion illustrating the pressure chamber, inlet port, jet passages, andvalve, and showing a sparkplug in elevation.

FIG. 6 is a bottom view of the construction seen in FIG. 5 showing theinlet port, four jet passages, and the ends of the valve cage members.

FIG. 7 is a view similar to FIG. 6, showing the inlet port,'separate jetpassages, and the ends of the valve cage members in dotted lines.

FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of the device seen in FIG. 1 showing thevalve cage, seat, inlet port, and groove jet passages in more detail.

FIG. 9 is a bottom end view of the device seen in FIG. 8.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the device seen in FIG. 8, taken onthe line 10-10 thereof, showing the valve cage dogs and by-pass reliefat the dogs in more detail.

FIG. 11 is a broken away showing of the lower portion of a devicesimilar to FIG. 8, showing a conical valve and separate jet passageapertures.

FIG. 12 is a bottom view of the device seen in FIG.

FIG. 13 is a similar view to FIG. 11 showing a mushroom valve, multipleinlet ports and jet flame passages in both the valve and the housing;

FIG. 14, is a bottom view of the device seen in FIG. 13. 1

FIG. 15 is a bottom view of the valve as seen in FIG. 11 showing amodification wherein the valve has two jet passages.

FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 8, showing aspring-pressed valve and the jet grooves formed in the valve showing thevalve off the seat;

FIG. 17 is a bottom view of the valve as seen in FIG. 16 showing the jetslots.

FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view, similar to FIG. 8, showing amodification with an annular valve having a spherical tip and jetpassages in the valve shown in dotted lines and showing a valveretainer-guide above the valve.

FIG. 19 is a bottom view of the valve seen in FIG. 18 showing the jetpassage slots in elevation.

FIG. 20 is a plan view of the valve retainer-guide seen in FIG. 18,showing the inter-communication openings and the valve guide hole.

FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view, similar to FIG. 8, showing a modifiedtwo-part housing with the valve in the lower part and the valve guide inthe upper part.

F 1G. 22 is a cross-sectional view of the device seen in FIG. 21, takenon the line 2222 thereof, showing the inter-communication openings andthe valve guide aperture in the upper part; and

FIG. 23 is a cross-sectional view of an engine portion showing acam-operated valve schematically and showing a spring-positioned valveand sealing gland for operation by a rocker arm.

Referring now to the drawing wherein like reference letters and numeralsrefer to like and corresponding parts throughout the several views, thejet flame ignition apparatus, devices, structures, combinations andincorporations disclosed therein to illustrate the invention comprise, ahousing I-I having a cavity defining a chamber C. The housing H isadapted to include a spark plug or other ignition device incommunication with the chamber C. A relatively large port P is formed inthe housing H for communication with the cylinder of an engine. Aone-way valve V is mounted on the housing H in the port P allowing entryof fuel mixture from the cylinder to the chamber C and preventing exitof fuel mixture and/or burning gases from the chamber C through the portP to the cylinder of the engine. At least one jet passage, channel,groove, and/or orifice .I is formed in or on the housing H and or valveV. The jet passage J communicates between the chamber C and the cylinderof the engine. With an embodiment of the invention integrated with anengine and upon the compression stroke of the piston, the valve is openand the fuel mixture in the cylinder is forced through the open port Pinto the chamber C. Upon the power stroke of the piston, the valve V isclosed, the port P is blocked and the fuel mixture in the chamber C isignited by the spark plug and burns and expands. The burning gasescannot escape through the port P so that the expansion is trappedcausing a pressurebuild-up in the chamber C higher than the compressionpressure in the cylinder. This higher pressure in chamber C expells theburning gases in a jet flame through the jet passage or passages J intothe cylinder to ignite the fuel mixture in the cylinder.

' Referring now to various exemplary embodiments, the socket 20, FIGS.1, 2, 8, 9, and 10, has a cavity 21, a female threaded end 22, a malethreaded end 23, a port 24, a valve seat 25, a valve 26 in the port 24,and jet grooves 27 in the seat 25 constituting jet passages not closableby the valve 26. Dogs 28 are formed on the socket 20 to cage the valve26 in the port 24 above the seat 25. A spark plug 29 is screwed in thefemale end 22 and the male end 23 is screwed in spark plug hole of theengine.

In the embodiment of FIGS. 8, 9, and 10, an insert 30 is mounted on thesocket 20 in the port 24 and includes the dogs 28 and an insert 31 ismounted on the socket 20 in the port 24 and includes the valve seat 25and the jet grooves 27.

In the embodiment of FIGS. 3 and 4, the apparatus includes a spark plug36 portion and a case 37. The case includes a cavity 38, a port39, avalve seat 40, a valve 41, and jet passage grooves 42. The dogs 28 areformed onthe case 37 and an insert 43 forms the seat 40 and grooves 42.

In the embodiment of FIGS. and 6, an engine portion 50 has a cavity 51including a-port 52, a valve seat 53, a valve 54, valve cage members 55,and jet passage grooves 56. The spark plug 29 is mounted at the cavity51. An insert 57 may embody the port 52, seat 53, and passages 56 andsupport the valve cage members 55. In the embodiment of FIG. 7, jetpassage orifices 58 are spaced from the port 52 and are individuallyformed and are independent of the port 52.

In the embodiment of FIGS. 11 and 12, a conical valve 60 controls theport 61 and independent jet passage orifices 62 are formed in the insert63 and/or independent jet passage orifices 64 are formed in the body 65.

In the embodiment of FIGS. 13 and 14, multiple inlet ports 70 arecontrolled by a mushroom shaped valve 71 and a jet orifice passage 72 isformed in the valve 71 and/or jet passage orifices 73 are formed in thebody In the embodiment of FIG. 15 showing the valve of FIG. 11, two jetchannel passages 75 are formed in the valve 60.

In the embodiment of FIGS. 16 and 17, a housing has a cavity 81, a valveseat 82, a port 83, a valve 84,jet slots in the valve 84, dogs 28, and aspring 86 displacably urging the valve 84 on the seat 82. i In theembodiment of FIGS. 18, 19, and 20, the housing 90 has a cavity 91, avalve seat 92, and a port 93. An annular valve 94 seals against the seat92. A valve retainer-guide 95' is fixed in the housing 90 and has avalve guide hole 96 and intercommunicating openings 97. The valve 94 hasa stem 98 lying in the hole 96 of the guide 95 and jet passage slots 99by-passing the seat 92 and the valve 94 when the valve 94 is closed onthe seat 92. The valve 94 shown inFIGS. 18 and 19 is the same type shownin FIGS. 22 and 23.

In the embodiment of FIGS. 21 and 22, the housing 100 is comprised of alower part 101 and an upper part 102. The lower part 101 has a valveseat 92 and contains the valve 94 for closing the port 93. The upperportion 102 has a valve guide-retainer end 103 equipped with a valveguide hole 104 receiving the valve stem 98 and inter-communicatingopenings 105 lying between the parts 101 and 102 of the housing 100.

In the embodiment of FIG. 23 an engine portion constitutes the housingand has a cavity 111, a port 112, and a valve seat 113 at the port 112.The engine portion also has a spark plug hole 114 for mounting a sparkplug 1 15 and an assembly opening 116. An insert 117 is set in theopening 116 and has a stepped and threaded crown 118 and a valve guidehole 119. A valve 120 seals against the seat 113 at the port 112 and hasa stem 121 lying in the guide hole 119 of the insert 117. The stem 121extends above the insert 117 and terminates in an upper end 122. Thevalve 120 has jet passages 123 by-passing the valve 120 and the seat 113 at the port 112. A light spring 124 surrounds the valve stem 121below its upper end 122. The spring 124 abuts the crown 118 of theinsert 117 and is connected to the valve stem 121 by a washer 125 andpin 126. The spring 124 thus normally lifts the valve 120 off the seat 113. A flexible gland 127 fits over the upper end 122 of the valve steml21.and has a flange 128 resting on the step 129 of the crown 1 18. Anut 130 is threaded on the crown 118 and has a collar 131 sealing theflange 128 of the gland 127 on the step 129 of the crown 118. A rockerarm 132 has a pivot pin 133, a valve end 134 bearing on the upper end122 of the valve stem 121 through the gland 127, and a lifter end 135. Asleeve 136 abuts the lifter end and contains a relatively heavy spring137. A rod 138 has an upper end 139 in the sleeve 136 abutting thespring 137 ano'-a lower end 140. A cam 141 on a shaft 142 rides againstthe lower end 140 of the rod 138.

In the operation of the apparatus of FIG. 23, during the compressionstrokeof the piston, the cavity 111 is charged with fuel mixture and thecam 141 is moving into engagement with the lift rod 138. The cam 141 istimed to close the valve 120 against the seat 113 prior to the firing ofthe spark plug 115. Upon the spark plug 115 igniting the fuel mixture inthe chamber C cavity 111, the burning fuel mixture is jetted through thejet passage slots 123 and into the cylinder of the engine to ignite thefuel mixture in the cylinder.

Relative to the spring biased embodiments of FIGS. 16 and 23, it will beunderstood that a spring may be used to bias the'valve normally closedor normally open and the rocker arm used to lift or depress. An insertas exemplified by the insert 117 may be used to mount a valve asexemplified by the valve 120 with or without a rocker arm. In thisregard the expansion of the gases in the cavity 111 may be utilized toblow the valve shut without the action of a rocker arm 132 when biasednormally open. When biased normally closed, the pressure in the cylinderduring the compression stroke may be utilized to blow the valve open.Thus the embodiment of FIG. 23 may be constructed to bias the valveeither normally closed or normally open to suit the engineering of theinvention with an engine and .with or without mechanical actuation.

It will be understoodthat the foregoing exemplary embodiments are shownwith various modifications which are useable singly and in combinationwith each other. The showings are not by way of limitation as to anyembodiment or by way of limitation on the whole disclosure of theinvention.

The socket, case, body and/or engine portion may be made of relativelyflame erosion resisting material such as tungsten carbide, refactories,ceramics, etc. Also that the inserts, valves, dogs, cage members etc.,may be made of flame erosion resisting materials and interfitted withbodies, cases, sockets, shousings, etc., made of steel, iron and otherless resistant materials. Also the entire apparatus may be made oferosion resistant material.

In other words, in the engineering of the invention, the selection ofmaterials, the design and shape of various bodies, parts, andcomponents, the size of chambers, ports, jet passages, valve seats andvalves, and the number of ports and jet passages and their positioningand location may be modified and integrated to suit the engine, pistondisplacement, fuels, carburetion, etc., to best advantage and to suitthe fabrication of parts and the manufacture of the embodiments of theinvention.

In use and operation, the jet flame ignition apparatus for internalcombustion engines may be embodied as a housing positionable between thespark plug and the engine, as a case on the spark plug, and/or as aportion of an engine head or block forming an internal chamber. Thehousing, case, and engine portion has a relatively large port leadingbetween a cylinder and the chamber with a valve seat at the port, valvelocating means, a one-way valve at the seat allowing entry from thecylinder through the port to the chamber and preventing exit to thecylinder through the port from the chamber, and at least one relativelysmall jet passage leading from the chamber to the cylinder notcontrolled by the valve.

The valve is adapted to open off the seat to allow entry of fuel mixturefrom the cylinder through the port to the chamber. The valve is adaptedto close to prevent exit through the port from the chamber to thecylinder in response to higher pressure in the chamber than at the port,by a spring resiliently urging the valve closed, by gravity, bymechanism, etc. The valve is closed to effect a build-up of pressure inthe chamber as follows.

With the apparatus integrated with an engine cylinder and a spark plug,upon the compression stroke of the piston in the cylinder, fuel mixtureis forced from the cylinder through the port into the chamber past thevalve responsive to the higher pressure in the cylinder than in thechamber; upon the power stroke of the piston on the cylinder andignition of the fuel mixture in the chamber by the spark plug the fuelmixture burns and produces expanding gases raising the pressure in thechamber higher than in the cylinder which is blocked by the valvepreventing escape through the port; and with the valve closed andblocking the port during the burning and production of expanding gasesoccuring in the chamber, the pressure in the chamber rises higher thanthe pressure in the cylinder and forces the burning fuel mixture in thechamber through the jet passage in a jet flame into the cylinder toignite the fuel mixture in the cylinder.

It will thus be understood that the entry of the fuel mixture throughthe large port to the chamber is relatively unrestricted and that theentry of the burning fuel mixture through jet passage is relativelyrestricted and under higher forcing pressure so that the velocity of thejet flame through the jet passage and into the cylinder is high andeffective to penetrate and permeate the fuel mixture in the cylinder toignite the fuel mixture in the cylinder substantially completely.

The invention is limited only by the appended claims.

I claim:

1. A jet flame ignition apparatus for internal combustion enginescomprising,

a housing having a cavity constituting a chamber;

means on said housing for mounting an ignition device in said chamber;

means on said housing forming a relatively large port, leading to andfrom said chamber,

a one-way valve and a valve seat on said housing at said port allowingrelatively free entry through said port to said chamber and preventingfree exit through said port from said chamber, and

means on said housing forming at least one relatively small jet passageleading from said chamber;

said apparatus being integratable with an engine with said port and saidjet passage in communicatic with the cylinder of an engine;

with said apparatus integrated with an engine and an ignition device,

said port and valve supply combustible fuel mixture from the cylinder tosaid chamber upon the compression stroke of the piston in the cylinder;

upon the power stroke of the piston in the cylinder and ignition of thefuel mixture in said chamber by the ignition device, said valve in saidport prevents free escape through said port of the expanding gasesresulting from the combustion of the fuel mixture in said chamber'andconfines them therein to develop increased pressure in said chamber; and

the burning fuel mixture and gases under the increased pressure in saidchamber are forced through said jet passage and project in a jet flameinto the cylinder to ignite the fuel mixture in the cylinder.

2. In an apparatus as set forth in claim 1, said housing comprising ahollow socket having a threaded male end screwable into the threadedspark plug opening of an engine and an opposite threaded female end forscrewing a spark plug therein.

3. In an apparatus as set forth in claim 1, said housing comprising, ahollow case integrated with a spark plug as the engine end of said sparkplug; and, said case including a threaded male end screwable into thethreaded spark plug opening of an engine.

4. In an apparatus as set forth in claim 1, a portion of an enginecomprising said housing.

5. In an apparatus as set forth in claim 1, means displacibly biasingsaid valve to a position closing said port.

6. In an apparatus as set forth in claim 1, said valve being urged to aposition closing said port by the increased pressure in said chamberresulting from the burning of the fuel mixture in said chamber.

7. In an apparatus as set forth in claim 1, a plurality of jet passagesand a plurality of ports wherein the com bined cross-sectional area ofsaid jet passages is substantially less than the combinedcross-sectional area of said ports to provide free entry to said chamberand to restrict exit from said chamber.

8. A jet flame ignition apparatus for internal combustion engines,comprising, a hollow housing defining an internal chamber and having athreaded male end for insertion in the spark-plug hole of an engine anda threaded female end for insertion of a spark plug therein;

said housing having a relatively large port in said male end leading tosaid chamber, a valve seat at said port, valve locating means, a one-wayvalve at said seat allowing entry through said, port to said chamber andpreventing exit through said. port from said chamber, and at least onerelatively small jet passage leading from said chamber past said maleend not controlled by said valve; said seat and valve being adapted toopen in response to higher pressure at said port than in said chamber toallow entry of fuel mixture through said port to said chamber and toclose to prevent exit through said port from said chamber to buildpressure in said chamber; said apparatus when integrated with an enginecylinder and a spark plug, upon the compression stroke of the piston inthe cylinder, receiving fuel mixture through said port into said chamberpast said valve responsive to the higher pressure in the cylinder;

upon the power stroke of the piston in the cylinder and ignition of thefuel mixture in said chamber by the spark plug, the fuel mixture burnsand produces expanding gases raising the pressure in said chamber higherthan in the cylinder with said valve preventing escape through saidport; and

with said valve blocking said port and the burning and production ofexpanding gases occuring in said chamber the pressure in said chamberrises higher than the pressure in the cylinder and forces the burningfuel mixture in said chamber through said jet passage in a jet flameinto the cylinder to ignite the fuel mixture in the cylinder.

9. A jet flame ignition apparatus for internal combustion enginescomprising a spark plug, a hollow case depending from said spark plugdefining an internal chamber and having a threaded male end forinsertion in the spark plug hole of an'engine,

said case having a relatively large port in said male end leading tosaid chamber, a valve seat at said port, valve locating means, a one-wayvalve at said seat allowing entry through said port to said chamber andpreventing exit through said port from said chamber, and at least onerelatively small jet passage leading from said chamber past said maleend not controlled by said valve,

said seat and valve being adapted to open in response 7 to higherpressure at said port than in said chamber to allow entry of fuelmixture through said port to said chamber and to'close to prevent exitthrough said port from said chamber to build pressure in said chamber,

said apparatus when integrated with an engine cylinder and a spark plugupon the compression stroke of the piston in the cylinder, receivingfuel mixture through said port into said chamber past said valveresponsive to the higher pressure in the cylinder,

upon the power stroke of the piston in the cylinder and ignition of thefuel mixture in said chamber by the spark plug the fuel mixture burnsand produces expanding gases raising the pressure in said,

chamber higher than in the cylinder with said valve preventing escapethrough said port; and

with said valve blocking said port and the burning and production ofexpanding gases occuring in 'said chamber the pressure in said chamberrises higher than pressure in the cylinder and forces the burning fuelmixture in said chamber through said jet passage in a jet flame into thecylinder to ignite the fuel mixture in the cylinder, 10. A jet flameignition apparatus for internal cornbustion engines comprising, anengine portion defining an internal chamber adjacent a cylinder, saidengine portion having a spark plug hole leading to said chamber and arelatively large port leading from said chamber to the cylinder;

said engine portion having a valve seat at said port, valve locatingmeans, 'a one-way valve at said seat allowing entry through said port tosaid chamber and preventing exit through said port from said chamber,and at least one relatively small jet passage leading from said chamberto a cylinder not controlled by said valve,

said seat and valve being adapted to open in response to higher pressureat said port than in said chamber to allow entry of fuel mixture throughsaid port to said chamber and to close to prevent exit through said portfrom said chamber to build pressure in said chamber,

said apparatus when integrated with an engine cylinder and a spark plug,upon the compression stroke of the piston in the cylinder, receivingfuel mixture through said port into said chamber past said valveresponsive to the higher pressure in the cylinder;

upon the power stroke of the piston in the cylinder and ignition of thefuel mixture in said chamber by the spark plug the fuel mixture burnsand produces expanding gases raising the pressure in said chamber higherthan in the cylinder with said valve preventing escape through saidport; and

1. A jet flame ignition apparatus for internal combustion enginescomprising, a housing having a cavity constituting a chamber; means onsaid housing for mounting an ignition device in said chamber; means onsaid housing forming a relatively large port, leading to and from saidchamber, a one-way valve and a valve seat on said housing at said portallowing relatively free entry through said port to said chamber andpreventing free exit through said port from said chamber, and means onsaid housing forming at least one relatively small jet passage leadingfrom said chamber; said apparatus being integratable with an engine withsaid port and Said jet passage in communication with the cylinder of anengine; with said apparatus integrated with an engine and an ignitiondevice, said port and valve supply combustible fuel mixture from thecylinder to said chamber upon the compression stroke of the piston inthe cylinder; upon the power stroke of the piston in the cylinder andignition of the fuel mixture in said chamber by the ignition device,said valve in said port prevents free escape through said port of theexpanding gases resulting from the combustion of the fuel mixture insaid chamber and confines them therein to develop increased pressure insaid chamber; and the burning fuel mixture and gases under the increasedpressure in said chamber are forced through said jet passage and projectin a jet flame into the cylinder to ignite the fuel mixture in thecylinder.
 2. In an apparatus as set forth in claim 1, said housingcomprising a hollow socket having a threaded male end screwable into thethreaded spark plug opening of an engine and an opposite threaded femaleend for screwing a spark plug therein.
 3. In an apparatus as set forthin claim 1, said housing comprising, a hollow case integrated with aspark plug as the engine end of said spark plug; and, said caseincluding a threaded male end screwable into the threaded spark plugopening of an engine.
 4. In an apparatus as set forth in claim 1, aportion of an engine comprising said housing.
 5. In an apparatus as setforth in claim 1, means displacibly biasing said valve to a positionclosing said port.
 6. In an apparatus as set forth in claim 1, saidvalve being urged to a position closing said port by the increasedpressure in said chamber resulting from the burning of the fuel mixturein said chamber.
 7. In an apparatus as set forth in claim 1, a pluralityof jet passages and a plurality of ports wherein the combinedcross-sectional area of said jet passages is substantially less than thecombined cross-sectional area of said ports to provide free entry tosaid chamber and to restrict exit from said chamber.
 8. A jet flameignition apparatus for internal combustion engines, comprising, a hollowhousing defining an internal chamber and having a threaded male end forinsertion in the spark-plug hole of an engine and a threaded female endfor insertion of a spark plug therein; said housing having a relativelylarge port in said male end leading to said chamber, a valve seat atsaid port, valve locating means, a one-way valve at said seat allowingentry through said port to said chamber and preventing exit through saidport from said chamber, and at least one relatively small jet passageleading from said chamber past said male end not controlled by saidvalve; said seat and valve being adapted to open in response to higherpressure at said port than in said chamber to allow entry of fuelmixture through said port to said chamber and to close to prevent exitthrough said port from said chamber to build pressure in said chamber;said apparatus when integrated with an engine cylinder and a spark plug,upon the compression stroke of the piston in the cylinder, receivingfuel mixture through said port into said chamber past said valveresponsive to the higher pressure in the cylinder; upon the power strokeof the piston in the cylinder and ignition of the fuel mixture in saidchamber by the spark plug, the fuel mixture burns and produces expandinggases raising the pressure in said chamber higher than in the cylinderwith said valve preventing escape through said port; and with said valveblocking said port and the burning and production of expanding gasesoccuring in said chamber the pressure in said chamber rises higher thanthe pressure in the cylinder and forces the burning fuel mixture in saidchamber through said jet passage in a jet flame into the cylinder toignite the fuel mixture in the cylinder.
 9. A jet flame ignitionapparatus for internal combustion engines comprising a spark plug, ahollow case depending from said spark plug defining an internal chamberand having a threaded male end for insertion in the spark plug hole ofan engine, said case having a relatively large port in said male endleading to said chamber, a valve seat at said port, valve locatingmeans, a one-way valve at said seat allowing entry through said port tosaid chamber and preventing exit through said port from said chamber,and at least one relatively small jet passage leading from said chamberpast said male end not controlled by said valve, said seat and valvebeing adapted to open in response to higher pressure at said port thanin said chamber to allow entry of fuel mixture through said port to saidchamber and to close to prevent exit through said port from said chamberto build pressure in said chamber, said apparatus when integrated withan engine cylinder and a spark plug upon the compression stroke of thepiston in the cylinder, receiving fuel mixture through said port intosaid chamber past said valve responsive to the higher pressure in thecylinder, upon the power stroke of the piston in the cylinder andignition of the fuel mixture in said chamber by the spark plug the fuelmixture burns and produces expanding gases raising the pressure in saidchamber higher than in the cylinder with said valve preventing escapethrough said port; and with said valve blocking said port and theburning and production of expanding gases occuring in said chamber thepressure in said chamber rises higher than pressure in the cylinder andforces the burning fuel mixture in said chamber through said jet passagein a jet flame into the cylinder to ignite the fuel mixture in thecylinder,
 10. A jet flame ignition apparatus for internal combustionengines comprising, an engine portion defining an internal chamberadjacent a cylinder, said engine portion having a spark plug holeleading to said chamber and a relatively large port leading from saidchamber to the cylinder; said engine portion having a valve seat at saidport, valve locating means, a one-way valve at said seat allowing entrythrough said port to said chamber and preventing exit through said portfrom said chamber, and at least one relatively small jet passage leadingfrom said chamber to a cylinder not controlled by said valve, said seatand valve being adapted to open in response to higher pressure at saidport than in said chamber to allow entry of fuel mixture through saidport to said chamber and to close to prevent exit through said port fromsaid chamber to build pressure in said chamber, said apparatus whenintegrated with an engine cylinder and a spark plug, upon thecompression stroke of the piston in the cylinder, receiving fuel mixturethrough said port into said chamber past said valve responsive to thehigher pressure in the cylinder; upon the power stroke of the piston inthe cylinder and ignition of the fuel mixture in said chamber by thespark plug the fuel mixture burns and produces expanding gases raisingthe pressure in said chamber higher than in the cylinder with said valvepreventing escape through said port; and upon said valve blocking saidport and the burning and production of expanding gases occuring in saidchamber the pressure in said chamber rises higher than the pressure inthe cylinder and forces the burning fuel mixture in said chamber throughsaid jet passage in a jet flame into the cylinder to ignite the fuelmixture in the cylinder.